Description: |
From Vicksburg, Mississippi, Sherman launched a campaign to take the important railroad center at
Meridian and, if the situation was favorable, push on to Selma, Alabama, and threaten Mobile. Sherman ordered
Brig. Gen. William Sooy Smith to lead a cavalry force of 7,000 men from Memphis, Tennessee, on February 1,
1864, south through Okolona, along the Mobile & Ohio Railroad, and meet the rest of the Union force at Meridian.
With the main force of 20,000 men, Sherman set out on the 3rd for Meridian, but made feints toward various other
locations. To counter the threat, Confederate President Jefferson Davis ordered troops to the area from other
localities. The Confederate commander in the area, Lt. Gen. Leonidas Polk, consolidated a number of commands in
and around Mortona, but lost his nerve and retreated rapidly eastward. Cavalry units commanded by Maj. Gen.
Stephen D. Lee periodically skirmished with Sherman’s force. As Sherman approached Meridian, he met stiffer
resistance from combined forces but steadily moved on. Polk finally realized that he could not stop Sherman and
evacuated Meridian on the 14th, removing some railroad rolling stock to McDowell’s Bluff. Sherman’s troops
entered Meridian the same day and began destroying railroad track, continuing their work until the 19th. Smith never
arrived at Meridian. Sherman left Meridian on the 20th, headed west by way of Canton, looking for Smith and his
force. He did not discover what happened to Smith until he arrived back at Vicksburg (see Okolona, #MS013).
Sherman had destroyed some important Confederate transportation facilities but had to forget his aspirations for
continuing into Alabama. |