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437 Series I Volume XVI-I Serial 22 - Morgan's First Kentucky Raid, Perryville Campaign Part I

Page 437 Chapter XXVIII. GENERAL REPORTS.

CINCINNATI, February 18, 1863.

Commission met pursuant to adjournment. All the members present; also the judge-advocate and General Buell.

General GORDON GRANGER'S examination continued.

To the concluding question on the record of Tuesday, February 17, General Granger replied as follows:

The question was as to the length of the column in marching order, consisting of 40,000 men, organized as follows: Seven of infantry, twenty-one batteries, averaging five guns each, the division of three brigades, each brigade consisting of four regiments, the number of men to each battery averaging 120; each division was to have 100 wagons. The total length of this column placed in marching order is 16 statute miles.

By General BUEL:

Question. Give, if you please, the data upon which you make this calculation.

The data upon which this calculation is made are these: Deducting first the number of artillerists gives the whole number of infantry. I have supposed that each man in his position preparatory to marching occupies a space of 22 inches; that each piece of artillery, with the artillery carriage, caissons, and forge, occupies a space of 14 yards; the same for each wagon; the intervals between regiments would be 22 paces, equal to yards; the intervals between batteries and battalions of infantry the same; the intervals between each piece about 2 yards. This is all reduced to yards and them converted into miles.

Question. Are these data prescribed by regulation and tactics in our service, and does the whole distance represent the smallest space upon which such a column could be formed for marching?

These are the exact data laid down, with one exception: the regulation fixes 20 inches; I have it 22, knowing that to be too small.

Question. Would it be possible for such a column to execute a march upon my ordinary road and preserve these intervals so as to occupy no more space in the aggregate than you have stated? If not, please state what would be the least average space that such a column in motion would occupy.

It would be impossible to move this column a half a mile preserving the intervals laid down as I stated. Upon an ordinary march and over an average road this column in the space of 10 miles would, in my opinion and with the best of troops, be extended from one-half to double its present length.

Question. What is the rate of travel per hour which result from the pace prescribed in tactics for infantry, and on a day's march what about will be the average rate of travel per hour of as large a column as we have under consideration?

The rate, as nearly as I recollect, laid down in tactics was 90 paces, consisting of 28 inches, to the minute; the present rate is 110; also 160. At the rate of 90 steps a minute this will carry the soldier 2 1/2 miles per hour. At the rate of 110 it will carry him 3 miles per hour. With the movement of a column of 40,000 men, organized as the one we have under consideration, in my opinion it would the best of management to move it at the rate of 2 miles per hour, and that with excellent roads. Over roads with breaks or ravines, where carriages might be detained, with so heavy a column, 1 1/2 miles per hour for ten, or say eight hours, I should consider excellent marching.

Question. In the distribution of the 100 wagons per division I have supposed 3 to each regiment of infantry and 1 to each battery of artillery for hospital purposes (including ambulances); 2 to each regiment of infantry for ammunition, to make up, with what the soldier carries, 100 rounds per man. This makes 81 wagons to each division, leaving 19 wagons to each division for division, brigade, and regimental headquarters


Page 437 Chapter XXVIII. GENERAL REPORTS.